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Iunius (month)
On the ancient Roman calendar, ''mensis Iunius'' or ''Iunius'', also ''Junius'' (June), was the sixth month, following ''Maius'' (May). In the oldest calendar attributed by the Romans to Romulus, ''Iunius'' was the fourth month in a ten-month year that began with March ''(Martius,'' "Mars' month"). The month following June was thus called ''Quinctilis'' or ''Quintilis'', the "fifth" month. ''Iunius'' had 29 days until a day was added during the Julian reform of the calendar in the mid-40s BC. The month that followed ''Iunius'' was renamed ''Iulius'' ("July") in honor of Julius Caesar.
==Name of the month==
In his poem on the Roman calendar, Ovid has three goddesses present three different derivations of the name ''Iunius''. Juno asserts that the month is named for her. Juventas ("Youth") pairs ''Iunius'' with ''Maius'': the former, she says, comes from ''junior'', "a younger person", in contrast to ''maiores'' or the "elders" for whom May was named. Juno's own name may derive from the same root meaning "young", and these two possibilities may be reconcilable. Ovid has Concordia claim that ''Iunius'' comes from ''iungo, iunctus'', "join", in honor of her uniting the Romans and the Sabines. Elsewhere, an even less likely derivation relates the month name to Marcus Iunius Brutus, a member of the ''gens Iunia'' who made the first sacrifice to Dea Carna on the Kalends (June 1).〔H.H. Scullard, ''Festivals and Ceremonies of the Roman Republic'' (Cornell University Press, 1981), p. 126.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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